Muslim Masterminds in Islamic Golden Age
Part 2
In this article, you will find some of the well known scientists and scholars of the ISLAMIC GOLDEN AGE, and what contribution they make in the fields of arts and science. You can read part one of this article here.
1. Al-Farabi
Al-Farabi was a philosopher, jurist, scholar, scientist and mathematician. He was born in 872 AD, in Otrar, Kazakhstan and died in 950 AD, in Damascus, Syria.
He was a source of aspiration for many people in the middle ages. He has made lots of contributions in education and philosophy.
According to him the goal of education is to lead the individual to perfection.
Due to his contribution in philosophy and science he was known as “The Second Teacher”, the second to Aristotle. He revived the ancient knowledge and paved the way for Ibn Sina for further research.
2. Abu al-Qasim Al Zahrawi
Al Zahrawi was the famous Arab Andalusian physician, surgeon and chemist. He was born in 936 AD in Medina Azahara, Spain and died in 1013 AD in Córdoba, Spain.
He invented 200 tools, which were used in surgery. He was the most renowned surgeon of the middle ages.
Due to his work in medicine and surgery he is considered as the Father of Surgery.
One of his famous books Al Tasrif took 50 years to be completed.
3. Ibn al-Nafis
Ibn al-Nafis was an Arab polymath of the Islamic Golden Age. He was born in 1213 AD, in Damascus, Syria and Died in December 17, 1288, in Cairo, Egypt.
He is one of the most renowned scientists and physicians of his age. His areas of research include medicine, anatomy, surgery, physiology, biology and philosophy.
He explained the first description of Pulmonary Circulations.
Al-Shamil fi al-Tibb (The Comprehensive Book on Medicine) and Sharh Tashrih al-Qanun were two of his famous writings. Many of his writings and manuscript were later used by westerns scientists and physicians.
4. Ibn al-Baytar
His full name was Abū Muhammad ʿAbdllāh Ibn Aḥmad al-Mālaqī, he was commonly known as Ibn al-Baytar. He was an Andalusian Arab Polymath of the Islamic Golden Age. He was born in 1197, in Málaga, Spain and died in 1248 in Damascus, Syria.
He was a well known pharmacist, botanist, physician and scientist.
He travels many parts of the Islamic World of that time in order to collect kinds of plants on the way.
He then studies the plants and uses them in his works. He was one of the most famous physicians of the middle ages.
In his catalogue Kitāb al-Jāmiʿ li-Mufradāt al-Adwiya wa-l-Aghdhiya (Compendium on Simple Medicaments and Foods) he listed 1400 plants, foods, drugs and their uses.
5. OMAR KHAYYAAM
Omer Khayyam was born on May 18, 1048 in Nishapur, Iran and died on December 4, 1131, Nishapur, Iran. He was Persian mathematician, scientist, astronomer, philosopher and poet.
His written poem known as The ”Rubaiyat”, was translated by Edward FitzGerald in 1859.
He was famous for his contribution particularly in mathematics and philosophy.
He discovered a method to solve the cubic equations and he made the solar calendar.
6. AL-RAZI
Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyyā al-Rāzī, commonly known as al-Razi. He was Born on 854 AD, Shahr-e-Rey, Iran and died on October 15, 925 AD in Shahr-e-Rey, Iran.
He was the Persian Polymath of the Islamic Golden Age. He works on medicine, alchemy and astronomy.
He was the best physician of the medieval Arab as he made a lot of contributions in medicine and had many writings.
Along with medicine, he also made research on alchemy, astronomy and mathematics.
These were the few of Muslims scientists of middle ages, and how they paved the way for modern scientists and researchers for further research on science.
